Ionizable Lipid

Ionizable cationic lipid (ICL) is one of the key components of LNP. It binds to negatively charged nucleic acids (such as mRNA or siRNA) through electrostatic interaction to form a stable complex. At the same time, ionizable cationic lipids can be protonated in the acidic environment of the endosomal body and carry positive charges, thereby promoting the escape of LNP from the endosome and releasing nucleic acids into the cytoplasm.