Benzoic acids are aromatic carboxylic acids in which the benzene ring is substituted with a carboxyl group. They are important building blocks of liquid crystal materials because they form stable liquid crystal phases and are compatible with a variety of synthetic routes. Benzoic acids can be used to tune the melting point, clearing point, and optical properties of liquid crystal materials, making them promising for a wide range of applications. Their reactivity towards esterification and amidation reactions allows the introduction of additional functional groups, further expanding the potential range of LC properties. In some cases, benzoic acids serve as intermediates in the synthesis of more complex LC compounds, aiding the preparation of advanced LC materials.