Ligands such as oxazole, oxazolene, and thiazole provide coordination sites through the nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms in their ring structures, and can form complexes with metal ions. These complexes play an important role in metal-catalyzed reactions. They are widely used in organic synthesis, catalytic reactions, materials science, and other fields by adjusting the electronic properties of the metal center and improving the selectivity and stability of the catalytic reaction.