RAFT agents consist of chain transfer agents (CTAs) with specific functional groups that control free radical polymerization by reversibly transferring free radicals between growing polymer chains and CTA molecules. RAFT polymerization offers high molecular weight control, narrow molecular weight distribution, and the ability to incorporate functional groups into polymers. These agents are widely used to synthesize complex polymer structures such as block copolymers, graft copolymers, and star polymers, finding applications in advanced materials, coatings, and biomedical engineering.