USP1 (Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 1) is a deubiquitinase enzyme that plays a key role in regulating protein stability and cellular processes by removing ubiquitin molecules from target proteins. It is involved in DNA damage repair, particularly through the regulation of the Fanconi anemia pathway, which is crucial for maintaining genomic stability. Overexpression of USP1 has been linked to cancer progression, as it can enhance DNA repair in tumor cells, contributing to resistance to chemotherapy. Targeting USP1 has gained attention as a potential therapeutic strategy to sensitize cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents and improve treatment outcomes.